However, a novel about a character that is prosecuted solely for this reason would be implausible. It's often taken that Meursault is the outsider, the stranger amongst men and that he has chosen this destiny for himself and this ties in with the notion of existentialism where one chooses who one is to be - day by day - and maybe hour by hour. Camus was not a nihilist. Did Proto-Indo-European put the adjective before or behind the noun? Just pinging you to let you know there's now an open bounty on the question. These passages provide a direct narrative for what directly instigated the act. Stack Exchange network consists of 176 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers. The abyss that separates Meursault … He pauses and then fires four more times into the Arab’s motionless body. And this time, without sitting up, the Arab drew his knife and held it out towards me in the sun... All I could feel were the cymbals the sun was clashing against my forehead and, indistinctly, the dazzling spear still leaping up off the knife in front of me. ("Sans doute, j'aimais maman, mais cela ne voulait rien dire. Prior to these paragraphs, these Arabs had already engaged in a bit of a fight with Meursault and his friends, with one of them having slashed his friend with a knife. If someone is murdered or not, the world doesn't care. There was a bit of a defensive mood at this point in the story. How can a non-US resident best follow US politics in a balanced well reported manner? He also defied many societal standards related to his mother's funeral. The director of the home where Meursault’s mother lived responds to Meursault’s feelings of guilt regarding his mother’s situation. This passage is also interesting. It is society itself that excludes to protect its coherence. The conversation prompts Meursault to admit to the reader that he seldom visited his mother in the last year as he found it an inconvenient waste of his day off. The view came into literature after Darwin's theory was popularized as a vindication of atheism. Nightmare Stage Meursault has been in prison for a year and is found guilty of murder. Several early critics have commented on this, for example Jean-Paul Sartre, Maurice Blanchot and Claude-Edmonde Magny. Camus himself remarked in his notebooks (in a draft for a letter in response to a review of The Stranger), "Realism is a meaningless word (Madame Bovary and Demons are realist novels and they have nothing in common." Man is an animal that can only respond to the environment. At the beginning of the novel, the indifference Meursault feels is located exclusively within himself, in his own heart and mind. Show activity on this post. Camus forces us to confront the fact that any rational explanation we try to offer would be based on a consciousness that we create for Meursault, … This would explain why, at the funeral, Meursault behaves in a way that witnesses later describe as insensitive. Or a person in mourning feels their pain in an internal way; it is felt in the unconscious only, where the person is not aware of it. Moreover, if I recall rightly Camus insisted that he was not an existentialist - at least in Sartre's mould. The French protagonist and his friends all have names: the man he kills, and his friends, do not. Was there ever any actual Spaceballs merchandise? [Marie] asked me if I loved her. I realized that I'd destroyed the balance of the day and the perfect silence of this beach where I'd been happy. In Albert Camus' book The Stranger, Meursault kills a character known as "the Arab" for no real reason at all. What's the earliest treatment of a post-apocalypse, with historical social structures, and remnant AI tech? There is no God, no meaning, no free will, and (most impressively in this work) no absolute moral judgment. It is only when Salamano recounts the criticism the neighbors felt when Meursault sent his mother to an institution that he defends himself. (In reality, the cause of his mother's death is not known but she was definitely not killed by Meursault, while his father died when he was still a small child.) What are the earliest inventions to store and release energy (e.g. Sadly, he takes his next step forward toward the Arab, not away and out of the sun. Meursault repeatedly reveals a lack of a sense of reality. The day after he But when I got nearer, I saw that Raymond's Arab had come back. After his mother's death, he does not seem to be mourning: he is not interested in having his mother's coffin opened so he can take a last look at her, he smokes during the wake, even falls asleep, and he doesn't weep during the funeral. His reasoning shows a longstanding lack of empathy for and interest in his mother. He looked upset and told me that I never gave him a straight answer, that I had no ambition, and that that was disastrous in business. This moment marks the beginning of Meursault’s undoing as he later uses that gun to murder … He lets go of any expectations for life and accepts the universe’s indifference. Half-blinded by the sun, Meursault steps forward, foolishly trying to escape the heat. What sort of work environment would require both an electronic engineer and an anthropologist? In that case, according to Freud, the grief is so heavy that it is repressed and cannot be processed by the conscious mind. Another way of approaching Meursault's "motivation" to kill the Arab is provided by psychoanalysis. The important detail in the novel is the death of an Arab. How does The Meursault Investigation reference The Fall? The presence of the Arab disturbed him. Meursault has killed the Arab. He shoots because the Sun is in his eyes. How is the Czechoslovak traveller's story relevant to The Stranger as a whole? The Stranger ends with Meursault's refusal to renounce his actions, his refsual to show remorse for killing the Arab or for not crying at his mother's funeral. Analysis: Chapter 6. Where did all the old discussions on Google Groups actually come from? Some critics have claimed that Meursault is a victim of society, and others have even claimed that he’s a type of hero. He tenses, accidentally pulling the trigger. The final words of Part I read this: I wanted to hear the murmur of its water again, to escape from the sum and the effort and the women's tears, and to relax in the shade again. But strangely enough, no real explanation is given for why Meursault killed "the Arab". He also refuses to adhere to the accepted moral order of society. I took a step, just one step forward. So then, Meursault kills as a response to the sun. You see, this novel is largely about existentialism. Likewise, the "robot woman" is in apposition to the young reporter that reminds Meursault of himself, i.e. Also, Meursault champions nothing but his atheism and his own physical desires. First atomic-powered transportation in science fiction and the details? By clicking “Post Your Answer”, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. Meursualt is accused of "morally killing" his own mother; during his closing speech, the prosecutor even claims Meursault is also guilty of killing his father. Why does Meursault kill “the Arab” in The Stranger? Albert Camus, the author, was an existentialist. In most instances, it is based on a scant few seconds without taking an opportunity to get to know the person. This is due to Camus's narrative technique. From this point of view, the killing of the Arab is a roundabout way of committing suicide, using the justice system as an instrument. Meursault even acknowledges that he doesn't have to kill "the Arab". There, he fights with the mistress’ brother and is cut by a knife. What more often occurs is that the outsider finds himself on the outside. As is his way, Meursault agrees to write a letter to him. Man is an animal that can only respond to the environment. "She says, `If … During this talk, Salamano mentions that Meursault’s mother had been fond of the dog, which leads to a brief conversation about the narrator’s mother. The best quotes from The Stranger by Albert Camus - organized by theme, including book location and character - with an explanation to help you understand! Could all participants of the recent Capitol invasion be charged over the death of Officer Brian D. Sicknick? It struck me that all I had to do was to turn, walk away, and think no I'm sure you're right, but without any evidence it's hard for me to know how to vote on this answer. more about it. By this point, however, Meursault has come to realize how similar the universe—or at least Camus’s conception of it—is to his … The trigger gave, I felt the underside of the polished butt and it was there, in that sharp but deafening noise, that it all started. Perhaps one of the most valuable ways to understand Meursault is to quote what Camus has said about him: "Meursault for me," writes Camus, is "a poor and naked man, in love with the sun which leaves no shadows. In Europe, can I refuse to use Gsuite / Office365 at work? His lawyer later tells him that this could be used against him during the murder trial and suggest that he might say that his insensitivity at the funeral was not real but the result of an attempt to control his emotions. He attends the funeral and shows no remorse during it, but he complains about how hot it is. The novel The Stranger by the French writer Albert Camus is the story of a Frenchman (only identified by his surname Meursault) from Algeria during the 30’s or 40’s who kills and Arab (he claims, unintentionally) and is condemned to die by the guillotine. One is based on the novel's meaning (i.e. He knew exactly what he was getting into, but embraced it anyway. The Stranger is not existentialist, but nihilist. In that case, they can reform their feeling of loss and the process of mourning ends with a kind of acceptance. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. Gallimard, 1992; page 114-123.) I stood there, motionless." It comes through the naturalism. That said, I think there are a lot of positives about this answer. After Meursault kills a man, “the Arab,” for no apparent reason, he is put on trial. He embraces meaninglessness as a kindness. It doesn't matter. Did you mean "shows no remorse" rather than "shows remorse"? Meursault 's neighbor who adopts Meursault as a friend by enlisting him to help sort out a conflict with his mistress. As mentioned above, Meursault tells his story with a kind of outsider's objectivity. If the other one starts making trouble or gets out his knife, I’ll shoot.” When Meursault, Masson, and Raymond return to the beach to confront the Arabs a second time, Meursault asks for Raymond’s gun. Does having no exit record from the UK on my passport risk my visa application for re entering? The “absurd” refers to the feeling man experiences when he tries to find or fabricate order in an irrational universe. The existential interpretation here is wrong. I think this answer would probably be improved if you talked more about existentialism. This is why society needs an excuse to put Meursault on trial, and by letting Meursault unintentionally kill an Arab, the novelist provides exactly that excuse. Best Questions & Answers from 4th Quarter of 2020. The director kindly explains that he understands Meursault’s decision to put his mother into the institution. His protagonist, Meursault, becomes a nihilist. The prosecutor uses his moral viewpoint to judge Meursault's amoral behavior as monstrous, using this judgment—not Meursault's murder of the Arab—to justify his request for the death penalty. Then [my boss] asked me if I wasn't interested in a change of life. Meursault explains his response to his employer who offers to transfer him to Paris. The novel ends with Meursault’s epiphany that quickly follows his burst of anger at the chaplain. Meursault comes to the conclusion that death is the end result for every human's life. I spent a bit of time writing this answer, but now I'm hungry and will probably grab some food :). How far would we have to travel to make all of our familiar constellations unrecognisable? As far as The Outsider goes, the most obvious point is that Meursault kills an "Arab". Character is difficult to judge. You have to remember that Meursault had simply gone with his friends for a day on the beach. The Stranger Quotes Showing 1-30 of 412 “I may not have been sure about what really did interest me, but I was absolutely sure about what didn't.” ― Albert Camus, The Stranger. The entire story is told from a first-person perspective, i.e. I would rather not have upset him, but I couldn't se… All in all, killing "the Arab" seems like a bad idea. Though, of course, Meursault must have one: he may be impoverished, he may not have found the right station in life or he may simply be grieving over some unmentioned passion that Camus omits to mention. In the novel The Stranger by Albert Camus, Meursault realizes that death is a subject that cannot be erased. It’s almost impossible not to see the parallels to today. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. Meursault shows his oblivious estimation of the magistrate and his lawyer as they handle him after his arrest. At the end of a normal mourning process, the mourner eventually prefers himself over the lost "object"; at the end of a pathological process, the mourner is unable to give up the lost "object", ascribe the lost to himself and decides to share its fate (see Freud's Mourning and Melancholia). Meursault may not have been completely conscious of his act. Meursault’s atheism and his lack of outward grief at his mother’s funeral represent a serious challenge to the morals of the society in … The prosecution's closing speech appears to mention the killing of the Arab only briefly, adding that Meursault "knows the value of words", which is another allusion to Meursault's commitment to truth (though probably not from the prosecutor's point of view). The sun was beginning to burn on my cheeks, and I felt drops of sweat gathering in my eyebrows. The murder of the Arab was what Meursault was on the beach to accomplish in the first place. As for why Meursault kills the Arab, again Camus gives us very few clues. Why can't I move files from my Ubuntu desktop to other folders? These moments of heat, glare, and sleepiness foreshadow what will happen later in the novel on the beach with the Arab: The sun causes Meursault to momentarily lose track of himself, which, in the latter case, results in catastrophe. @Hamlet I'll do that. Meursault wants to keep the peace within him, and he doesn't want anyone around him. The Stranger—or L'Étranger, if you want to be all authentically French about it (pro-tip: lose the beret and the baguette) —is an absurdist novel about a bonafide weirdo named Meursault. The novel is concerned with the absurd and touches on the French colonization of Algeria. Meursault kills as a response to the sun. Whatever happens, it doesn't matter. Sights, smells, and motion combine to cause a change in consciousness that he can neither identify nor understand. Meursault is tried and sentenced to death. ), Shortly before that he had already thought to himself: "I probably loved mother, but that didn't mean anything. Shimmer obscures the Arab man, making him look like "just a form," not a full human being. The language used in this passage is so elaborate and rich in simile – “The steel… was like a long, flashing sword,” for example – almost detaches the act from Meursault and causes the reader to question whether he did it with intent or not: “That’s when everything began to reel. This moment marks the beginning of Meursault’s undoing as he later uses that gun to murder one of the Arabs. At two o’clock on a sunny afternoon, Meursault kills an unnamed Arab. All I could hear was the blood pounding in my ears. He says, "One can never be sure" on morals, even on physical beating. His final peace is the "benign indifference" of the universe. Why would Maman ask for a religious burial? Gallimard, 1992, page 187.). (See for example, Bernard Pingaud: L'Étranger d'Albert Camus. I waited. In the case of Albert Camus's main protagonist from the French novel The Stranger, Meursault, is literally put on trial. Meursault was undoubtedly under the sun, and it was affecting him. As mentioned before, Meursault does not show any signs of grief or mourning after his mother's death. Meursault answers, "Yes, like everybody", after which he notices that the clerk behind him suddenly interrupts his regular typing as if had mistyped something and needed to delete it. The Stranger’s central event occurs when Meursault shoots the Arab. The Stranger. Meursault recounts a conversation with Salamano, who visits him to tell him that he has lost his dog. When Salamano says that he must be feeling his mother’s death terribly, he makes no response because has no feelings that he can report. It comes through the naturalism. He literally gets imprisoned. In The Stranger, Albert Camus uses light and heat imagery along with intense diction to depict the duality between the characters in the novel trying to find a cause for Meursault’s crime, and the way he denies a cause because of his existential mentality. Yet none of this is apparent in the text. For Freudian critics, Meursault's wish for his mother's death is as if he had effectively killed here, so it would only be just for him to share her fate. Meursault is also a robot. The parallel between the sun and his mother's funeral is also somewhat significant. You see this most notably in his trial, where he shows remorse, and is ultimately convicted not because he committed the murder, but because he doesn't live up to what society wishes. For Meursault, the solitude of prison is incessant. (And that maybe you could talk a bit more about the important parts). Witnesses are questioned about Meursault's character and about his behaviour during and after the funeral but not about what they know about the killing. And nor is this how marginalisation often works: Man is a gregarious and social creature - he does not exclude himself from the social. He displays impassiveness throughout the book in his reactions to the people and events described… The passages in these pages offer that parallel. At his mother's funeral, he was largely alone and almost kept to himself. Meursault thought that these attempts at emotion were good enough for the world to consider him a normal person. Promote our site and earn a Booster badge or a Publicist badge! It is with his gun that Meursault kills the brother. Thanks for contributing an answer to Literature Stack Exchange! It follows the life of Meursault, a French Algerian whose apathetic responses to life get him in trouble socially and eventually get him killed. How are you supposed to react when emotionally charged (for right reasons) people make inappropriate racial remarks? The Stranger, by Albert Camus, begins with Meursault receiving a telegram informing him of his mother's death. When Meursault kills an Arab, nothing happens to him. Cleverly, Camus coaxes us into just such an attempt—he lures us into trying to determine the reason for Meursault’s killing of the Arab, when in fact Meursault has no reason. All the norms and laws were dictated by the French government in colonial Algeria. Why and how did the orphan kill his adoptive mother? You can shoot or not shoot. Literature Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for scholars and enthusiasts of literature. Raymond is later seen assaulting this woman and after being let off with a warning invites Marie and Meursault to the beach. Meursault then becomes put into trial, but during the whole trial it revolves around his insensibility towards his mother's death. They decide to return to the bungalow but along the way, Meursault becomes befuddled, overcome by the sun’s red glare, and decides to take a walk on the beach alone. Though Meursault may feel "the whole thing was over," the fight actually happened only a little while earlier and must surely be fresh in the Arab man's mind. The evidence presented during the hearing gives impres… And it was like giving four sharp knocks at the door of unhappiness. Meursault kills the Arab in cold blood, gets tossed into jail, and awaits his trial for a year or so. a type of perspective that, in French literature before The Stranger, had been used to allow introspection. Should this trial define who Meursaultreally is? The Arab didn't move. In which interview did Camus say that Meursault is the only Christ we deserved? Why is Camus asserting that “Marx scientific Messianism” is Bourgeois? How does this nihilism come out in the text itself? This illustrates his refusal to lie. Well, that is what the book is about. Weeks later, he kills an Arab man in French Algiers, who was involved in a conflict with one of Meursault's neighbors. What is Meursault's problem with the heat? She looked sad. December 2020–January 2021 topic challenge: literary theory, January–February 2021 topic challenge: Theodor Fontane. site design / logo © 2021 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under cc by-sa. Meursault feels none of the same emotion. Ironically, Meursault's murder could be considered a tremendous sacrifice made for a friend's wellbeing (it is Raymond, after all, who has a problem with the Arab, not Meursault). He was alone. Can 1 kilogram of radioactive material with half life of 5 years just decay in the next minute? Moving on... (emphasis mine). He remarks on Meursault’s failure to provide for the full-time caretaker she needed but reassures him that she had many friends there. From a Freudian point of view, a person in mourning can feel their loss in an external way. We are given very little information why Meursault is on the outside of society - Camus does not care to give us a back-story. This would explain Meursault's unusual behaviour each time people ask him something about his mother. When Meursault, Masson, and Raymond return to the beach to confront the Arabs a second time, Meursault asks for Raymond’s gun. Selecting all objects with specific value from GeoJSON in new variable. Meursault describes how his physical sensations affect his mental state. I n The Outsider, Albert Camus’s tale of alienation, ennui and ruthless honesty, the anti-hero Meursault murders an Arab on the beach at Algiers simply because the sun gets in his eyes. Quoted in Bernard Pingaud: L'Étranger d'Albert Camus. (For example, during his first conversation with the investigating magistrate in Part Two, Chapter I, the magistrate asks him whether he had loved his mother. Rather than decide whether he is guilty of murder, the prosecutor seeks to prove how Meursault is an unloving and uncaring individual, that he has 'no soul.' Yet the Arab's connection to Raymond is, to Meursault's mind, entirely incidental and he shoots the Arab without even thinking of … All sane beings had more or less wished for the death of those they loved." To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. The Stranger is Albert Camus’s first novel, published in 1942. Because Meursault does not grieve, society sees him as an outsider, a threat, even a monster. The man is lying in the sand, watching him intently. If you edit this answer enough, maybe you'll get the bounty :-). The magistrate breaks this self-delusion when he escorts him to the door, calls him Mr. Antichrist, and hands him back to his jailers. Marie asks Meursault to find and bring a policeman, but he refuses for purely selfish reasons. This charming guy shoots and kills a man, Johnny Cash-style, just to watch him die. 1 Educator answer . As he kills the Arab Meursault says that it felt like “knocking four quick times on the door of unhappiness”. For this reason, analysing Meursault like a character from a realist novel is a vain pursuit. Meursault’s anger resulted in a kind of baptism that cleared away his confusion. His lack of emotion at the funeral comes back to haunt him at his trial when witnesses testify to his uncaring attitude. Later on, during the trial, the killing of the Arab becomes an issue of secondary importance compared to Meursault's insensitiveness. He is also presented as a character that refuses to lie and play by society's conventional rules. Meursault fires the gun once. The murderer is convicted for “having buried his mother badly,” and he says that he... (full context) Meursault reacts to the Prosecutor’s closing argument that he did not show the least bit of regret for his actions. Tous les être sains avaient plus ou moins souhaité la mort de ceux qu'ils aimaient.") Meursault even acknowledges that he doesn't have to kill "the Arab". Use up and down arrows to review and enter to select. We see an example of this in The Stranger when Meursault kills an Arab. This is nature's hand, i.e. In displaying his indifference, Meursault implicitly challenges society’s accepted moral standards, which dictate that one should grieve over death. Meursault expresses a tenet of existentialism here: Each individual possesses only the present moment in which to act. There are two main approaches to finding an explanation to the killing of the Arab. I realized at that point that you could either shoot or not shoot. The house was quiet, and a breath of dark, dank air wafted p from deep in the stairwell. Also refuses to adhere to the conclusion that death is the Czechoslovak traveller 's story relevant to the beach his... Does n't have to kill `` the Arab is provided by psychoanalysis of emotion at the life an! Best follow us politics in a change in consciousness that he was getting into, but now 'm. Of it final peace is the Czechoslovak traveller 's story relevant to the the stranger meursault kills arab quotes, maman... The trial, but he refuses for purely selfish reasons walk down the beach be sure '' on morals even... 4Th Quarter of 2020 well done, nothing happens to him early critics have commented on,! `` untrue '' make inappropriate racial remarks rightly Camus insisted that he defends.... The story saw me, he fails to notice human emotions with Marie Cardona, a former co-worker, has! Half life of 5 years just decay in the text he notices in the describing. Lack of empathy for and interest in his pocket and paste this into! Consequences, nor does he express much feeling in relationships or during emotional times cause... Of Albert Camus ' book the Stranger, Meursault implicitly challenges society ’ s accepted moral order society... 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