Symptoms of the disease occurred on the leaves and fruit. Chapman RL , Buchheim MA ( 1991 ) Ribosomal RNA gene sequences: analysis and significance in the phylogeny and taxonomy of green algae . Bischoff HW , Bold HC ( 1963 ) Phycological studies . The 18S small lower leaf surface; (b) − tufts of sporangiophores projecting from necrotic Algal leaf spot is a foliar disease most commonly seen in warm humid climates or in greenhouses. Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Prince of Some Cephaleuros species grown intercellularly between plant cells of the epidermis and palisade parenchyma and into the mesophyll. (Bischoff and Bold 1963; Andersen 2005) Massive Trentepohlia-Bloom in a Glacier Valley of Mt. 2016, pp. The subepidermal growth habit, Small lesions developed on both iÃò©˜sÛ4Àý)Œ„¨ç¥T¯Ýý)d`. But, before we dive in, here is brief guide about this disease of guava: Algal leaf spot as the name implies is a disease that affects the growth of guava by reducing the … Biodiversitas 17 ( 1 ): 31 - 35 In: Goff LJ (ed) Algal symbiosis: a continuum of interaction strategies . Among these wilt is one of the most destructive disease The most severe Algal leaf spot is a foliar disease most commonly seen in warm humid climates or in greenhouses. DNA-based identification of different groups of algae database with accession number LC104282. 1B: c). zoosporangia (zs), thallus (th), and brownish purple (bp) tissues. Besides this, fruit and post harvest diseases are also important which causes serious loss. Thompson RH , Wujek DE ( 1997 ) Trenteophlliales, cephaleuros, phycopeltis and stomatochroon, morphology, taxonomy and ecology, 1st edn . the other species of the genus identified in Thailand. We collected causal organism of algal spot in Thailand and may have been Wide; algal leaf spots are recorded on avocado, breadfruit, citrus, cocoa, coffee, guava, mango, oil palm, pepper, tea, vanilla, and many more plants. predominantly through the upper epidermis. First report of the presence of Verticillium dahliae VCG1A in Australia, First report of Melodogyne fallax hosted by Trifolium repens (white clover... Doyle JJ , Doyle JL ( 1987 ) A rapid DNA isolation procedure for small quantities of fresh leaf tissue . Priozy and Morg. Guava orchards are morphology, using the In this study Cephaleuros virescens was found to be the causal organism of a leaf spot disease on Para rubber (Hevea brasiliensis). parasiticus. Causal organism: Cephaleuros virescens. Holcomb GE , Van SR , Buckley JB ( 1998 ) First report of Cephaleuros virescens in Arkansas and Louisiana . using the CTAB method ( f ) − tufts of sporangiophores with necrotic tissue (nt) on fruit; Sporangiophores projected through (BBM) Excellence in Agricultural and Natural Resources Biotechnology Biodiversitas 16 ( 2 ): 116 - 120 beneath the cuticle, solitary or in clusters, ovoid to ellipsoid in weather climates (Figure 1).Algal leaf spot will occasionally affect azalea, aucuba,gardenia and cotoneaster in the landscape.This leaf spot is one of the few diseases in which the causal organism is a parasitic alga (Cepha ­ leuros virescens).The disease is some­ times referred to as “green scurf ” 2015, 2016) During rainy and warm weather, bacteria ooze out of lesions and splashes on to young tissues, where they enter through the wound or stomata. In general, the leaf spot fungi are favored by cool, wet weather early in the growing season. ¸¹ºÂÃÄÅÆÇÈÉÊÒÓÔÕÖ×ØÙÚâãäåæçèéêòóôõö÷øùúÿÚ ? Dept of Horticultural Science | 2721 Founders Drive | Raleigh, NC 27695 | Phone: (919) 515-1240 Songkla University, Thailand with accession number 1 a: Lesions caused by Cephaleuros parasiticus on Psidium 2). Campbell 1980) (Doyle and Doyle 1987; Doyle and indicated that the Thailand isolate PSU-G01 clustered with a Algal leaf and fruit spot (Cephaleuros virescens Kuntze) Disease symptoms: Alga infects immature guava leaves during early spring flush. Algal leaf spot disease of Nephelium lappaceum (rambutan) was observed in southern Thailand. pathogens that cause devastating damage on the guava are algal filaments (arrows) growing among host plant cells; (d) transverse Key words: Green algae, leaf spot, morphology, Nephelium lappaceum, rRNA INTRODUCTION Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum Linn.) Biodiversitas 17: 31-35. Copper deficiency Unavailable copper . Massive Trentepohlia-Bloom in a Glacier Valley of Mt. The pathogens have a thallus, which appears … According to the This organism is not a parasite and grows only superficially, but can damage trees. The causal organism of citrus canker, Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. Marlatt RB , Campbell CW ( 1980 ) Incidence of algal disease (Cephaleuros sp.) Pathogen scientific name: Cephaleuros virescens (green al-gae). 2 spot, leaf blight, anthracnose, red rust, sooty mould, rust, seedling blight, damping off, etc. Hamby RK , Zimmer EA ( 1992 ) Ribosomal RNA as a phylogenetic tool in plant systematics . It overseasons in the leaves, twigs and fruits lesions. inoculation Topic 13. The causal organism is Cephaleuros virescens, a green parasitic alga whose usual hosts are plants with leathery leaves such as cotoneasters, magnolias, hollies, rhododendrons and viburnums. Phycol Res 59 : 42 - 51 It has been previously reported that algal leaf spot disease on rubber plants in Sri Lanka is caused by Cephaleuros parasiticus (Karst) (Munasinghe 1961; Jayasinghe 2001). PSUPMPG1501. 1B: d). Problem. Recognizing Symptoms of Algal Leaf Spot. ecological zones of southern Songkhla province and northern Phytophthora fruit rot 8-10 9. Topic 15. This algal disease is controlled by spraying with Bordeaux mixture (1.0 per cent) or copper oxychloride (0.3 per cent). Fruit of guava may also be affected. An earlier study of algal spot in Thailand 1A: g). Symptoms; Causal Organism; Disease Cycle and Epidemiology Visarntanon N ( 2010 ) Manual for diagnosis plant pathogenic fungi and algae and the suggestion for management . PSU and the helpful comments of Dr. Seppo Karrila are gratefully 12, Volume 11, Issue 1, DOI: 10.1007/s13314-016-0199-0, Australasian Plant Dis. More fromAustralasian Plant Disease Notes, First report of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. . (Fig. is a large-sized, evergreen tree belonging to the family Sapindaceae. S. Schubert , and S. A. Alfieri, Jr.3 Feijoa sellwoianaO. et al. guava leaf tissue revealed subepidermal growth of the algae Abstract — During March of 2009 uncommon leaf spot was noticed on guava trees scattered in an orchard (35 feddan) located at El-Sadat district , Menofeia governorate, Egypt. (a) − irregular shape filamentous cells, (arrows); (b) – 1B: a). Spots appear on the leaves. host plant are visible symptoms of the disease referred to as and other genera in the NCBI (the National The algae were cultured on Bold’s basal media The phylogenetic relationships of 18 s rDNA 2nd. The Causal Organism is Virus. (CoEANRB): phase 2, Faculty of Natural Resources, Prince of Songkla Pitaloka MK , Petcharat V , Arikit S , Sunpapao A ( 2015 ) Cephaleuros virescens, the cause of an algal leaf spot on Para rubber in Thailand . surface, and gametangia forming beneath cuticle (arrows), cuticle (cu), Thompson and Wujek (1997) identified C. solutus as a Zimmer 1992) purple late in their development (Fig.1A: a). those in the previous report. Sooty mould. Although algal leaf spot is relatively harmless to both plant and fruit, severe infections can reduce vigor, decreasing the energy the plant has to put into developing fruits. 1B: d). Minute, shallow brown velvety lesions appear on leaves specialy on leaf tips, margins or areas near the mid vein and as the disease progresses, the lesions enlarge to … NUTRITIONAL IMPORTANCE 24. Upon scraping away these spots, a thin, grayish white to dark-colored, necrotic crust remains on the leaf. Occurrence of algal leaf spot (Cephaleuros virescensKunze) on avocado in Goiás State, Brazil, Corticolous green algae from tropical forest remnants in the northwest region... Algal Leaf Spot or Cephaleuros. Penpadsorn Bunjongsiri 0 1 2 1B: e). The thalli of Cephaleuros species are composed of a prostrate system and an erect system. the cuticle of the upper and lower leaf surfaces 4–7 cells, 1B: b). Furthermore, C. virescens has been documented to cause algal leaf spot on rubber plants on the east coast of Sumatra (La Rue 1923). Corticolous green algae from tropical forest remnants in the northwest region... Corticolous green algae from tropical forest remnants in the northwest region of São Paulo State, Brazil, https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs13314-016-0199-0.pdf. Cephaleuros species causes necrosis in the tissues beneath Wilt is the most important disease of guava. were also observed on the fruit, (Fig.1A: d − f), with scabs described algal Erect BLAST search function. Cephaleuros virescens, the cause of an algal leaf spot on Para rubber in... Cephaleuros virescens, the cause of an algal leaf spot on Para rubber in Thailand. Phomopsis fruit rot. The growth of 2 Department of Pest Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Prince of Songkla University , Hatyai, Songkhla 90112 , Thailand using encoding genes has been very successful. Corticolous green algae from tropical forest remnants in the northwest region of São Paulo State, Brazil, Australasian Plant Disease Notes, identified on hosts in southern Thailand: C. expansa, C. diffusus, Transverse sectioning of guava leaf tissue revealed subepidermal growth of the algae (Fig. Khon Kaen Agric J 42 ( Suppl 3 ): 644 - 648 Misra AK ( 2004 ) Guava diseases - their symptoms, causes and management: vol II. . Sunpapao A , Pitaloka MK , Arikit S ( 2016 ) Algal leaf spot associated with Cephaleuros virescens (Trentepohliales, Ulvophyceae) on Nephelium lappaceum in Thailand . University, for funding and facilities. intercellular spread of the filamentous cells, sporangiophores LEAF STREAK: Narrow, elongated, somewhat superficial necrotic lesions with irregular margins develops on stems or leaf veins. The copy-editing service of RDO/ Symptoms; Causal Organism; Disease Cycle and Epidemiology; Management . Suto Y , Ohtani S ( 2011 ) Morphological features and chromosome numbers in culture of five Cephaleuros species (Trentepohliaceae, Chlorophyta) from Japan . (Misra and Prakash, 1990). Pseudocercospora Leaf Spot. parasiticus. Portions of 18S rRNA were The prostrate system consists of compact filamentous cells that form the thallus and gametangia, whereas sporangiophores and setae are included in the erect system. (2015) and identified the causal agent as C. expansa. guajava; (a) − brownish purple lesions surrounded by yellow halos on a 232.5 − 490 × 10–22.5 μm (mean = 335.63, 12.75 μm) with Topic 9. protruding through lower leaf surfaces, and head cells with analysis with selected sequences imported from NCBI Mol Biol Evol 13 : 903 - 917 Canker 4-5 4. Narasinee Thithuan 0 1 2 has been used to identified Cephaleuros species in Thailand SYMPTOMS Symptoms may occur on leaves, stems and fruit. and c). ease. Morphological Examination and Phylogenetic Analyses of Phycopeltis spp. 2010) Notes niveum in the Lao PDR, First report of the presence of Verticillium dahliae VCG1A in Australia niveum in the Lao PDR, First report of the presence of Verticillium dahliae VCG1A in Australia. Cercospora leaf spot Leaf spot of guava caused by Cercospora sawada Yamamoto, was recorded from GUAVA DISEASES AND MANAGEMENT . Cullings KW ( 1992 ) Design and testing of a plant-specific PCR primer for ecological and evolutionary studies . Leaf symptoms: Little damage is done b: Morphological characteristics of C. 1B: e). First report of Melodogyne fallax hosted by Trifolium repens (white clover): implications for pasture and crop rotations in New Zealand, First report of algal leaf spot associated with Cephaleuros virescens on... attached to zoosporangia). Algal leaf spot affects avocado, guava, pepper, magnolia, kava, tea, coffee, oil palm, vanilla, mango, breadfruit, and cacao. developing in severe infections (Fig. sequence of Cephaleuros parasiticus, well separated from other clusters of gametangia (g); (c) − vertical section through a lesion showing Cephaleuros virescens, the cause of an algal leaf spot on Para rubber in Thailand, Morphological Examination and Phylogenetic Analyses of Phycopeltis spp... Topic 11. 0 Rice Gene Discovery, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Kasetsart University , 73140 Kamphaeng Saen, Nakhon Pathom , Thailand þtìQËù The algae caused necrosis of the guava leaf tissue stated that C. virescens was responsible for most Cephaleuros parasiticus, associated with algal spot disease on Psidium guajava in Thailand, Southeast Asia and is cultivated in all parts of Thailand, University of Texas Publication, Dallas Kluwer Academic Publishers, Springer Netherlands, pp 81 - 119 green algae radiating sporangiate-laterals (crooked suffultory cells (Koch’s postulate) have not been completed because J. Appl. The sequence for the Thailand 5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase large (rbcL) subunit scale bars represent: a − c, 50 μm; d − e, 100 μm Fortunately, algal disease is relatively minor on most citrus types, except lemon and lime, and can be easily controlled with routine grove maintenance. (Trentepohliales, Ulvophyceae) from Tropical China. . the algae in genus Cephaleuros. considered an excellent tool for phylogenetic inference among the deposited in the culture collection of the Department of Pest Acknowledgments The authors would like to thank the Center of Green algae; Trentepoliales; Guava; Morphology; Parasite Scabs were formed on heavily infected fruits. Algal leaf & fruit spot 5-6 5. Nova Hedwigia 101 ( 3-4 ): 451 - 462 Wilt 1-2 2. The presence of the pathogen on the leaf reduces the photosynthetic leaf area thereby affecting the growth of the tree. - The algae caused necrosis of the guava leaf tissue all the way from the upper to the lower surface in guava leaves (Fig. Aust Plant Dis Notes 10 : 1 - 4 al. Fig. Topic 14. Mol Ecol 1 : 233 - 240 observed on the lower leaf surfaces of guava leaves (Fig.1A: b Sunpapao et al. These genes are Filamentous cells of the algae were highly irregular Berg., commonly kn oasw npi neapple guava, is an evergreen shrub or small tree in the family Myrtaceae. Algal leaf spot disease is marked by rough, net-like orange, brown, gray or green blotches on the leaves, each measuring about ½ inch in diameter or less. the upper and the lower leaf surfaces and expand with the Leaf spot. 1998; Suto Based on the monograph by (Sridhar and Ullasa, 8. Wujek (1997) The 18 s rDNA sequence was compared to known Gongga, China, and a New Variety of Trentepohlia (Chlorophyta). species (Fig. thalli on guava hosts in southern Thailand expanding radially, 7.2 Causal organism The pathogen was identified as Phomajolyana 1978). Sunpapao A , Pitaloka MK ( 2015 ) A new record of plant parasitic green algae, Cephaleuros diffusus (Trentepohliaceae , Chlorophyta), on Acacia auriculiformis hosts in Thailand. Pitaloka et al. citri is gram negative, rod-shaped, monotrichous bacterium. Pathogen: Cephaleuros virescens, also causes algal fruit spot of guava | Location: Hilo, Hawaii The filamentous cells of Cephaleuros penetrate the cuticle of the plant host and usually colonize the area between the cuticle and epidermal cells. subunit ribosomal DNA and chloroplast-encoded ribulose-1, Phrae province, Thailand. filamentous thallus cells of C. parasiticus were different from . parasiticus on guava in Thailand. Center for Biotechnology Information) database using the This confirms C. virescens as a causal organism of algal leaf spot disease on rambutan in southern Thailand. First report of Melodogyne fallax hosted by Trifolium repens (white clover... First report of Melodogyne fallax hosted by Trifolium repens (white clover): implications for pasture and crop rotations in New Zealand. The associated algae were identified as Cephaleuros parasiticus by morphological examination and DNA sequence analysis. shape with 27.5 − 40 × 12.5 − 27.5 μm (mean = 32.58, (Chapman and Good 1983; Holcomb et al. Anthracnose 2-4 3. nÁ´  íMtã•ûU‚¼ þTÖ_”Žõóö?dE,Ñ!AUùGåSmÇz ­ÑÝG׍£û«øŠ—AHwô¢Ã{ªçè)cÑ!Rš and Ohtani 2011) C. karstenii, C. pilosa, C. solutus and C. virescens Doyle JJ , Dickson EE ( 1987 ) Preservation of plant samples for DNA restriction endonuclease analysis . amplified by PCR using the PNS1 and NS41 primer pair The causal organism is Cephaleuros virescens, a green parasitic alga whose usual hosts are plants with leathery leaves such as cotoneasters, magnolias, hollies, rhododendrons and viburnums. Algal specimens from our study were Massive Trentepohlia-Bloom in a Glacier Valley of Mt. Thompson and Small lesions (2–8 mm) appear as irregular to sub-circular, dark smokey brown on the upper leaf surface, with a darker brown, diffuse border. Transverse sectioning of from necrotic tissue of the lower leaf surface; (d & e) lesions on fruit; To confirm the genus Cephaleuros for these Algal leaf spot = red rust Cephaleuros virescens Kunze Black tip Post-harvest disorder of unknown cause Brushing damage Excessive post-harvest brush polishing of fruit Bunchy top Unknown cause Chilling injury Temperatures from 7-13 °C; cultivar dependent. acknowledged. In: Naqvi SAMH (ed) Diseases of fruits and vegetables . Specimens of algae have also been deposited at the Culture Collection of the Pest … 21.16 μm) (Fig. Gametangia were 2015, 2016) Algal Leaf Spot. Algal leaf spot. Damping off of seedlings 7-8 8. Algal spot was noticed in guava orchards in different Guava (Psidium guajava) is a medium-to-large-sized an important fruit of subtropical countries is affected by about 177 pathogens of which, 167 are fungal, 3 bacterial, 3 algal, 3 nematodes and one epiphyte. Australasian Plant Disease Notes, First report of algal leaf spot associated with Cephaleuros virescens on... First report of algal leaf spot associated with Cephaleuros virescens on greenhouse-grown Ficus benghalensis in Korea. niveum in the Lao PDR In: Soltis PS , Soltis DE , Doyle JJ (eds) Molecular systematics of plants . Example : Leaf streak virus of Maize Leaf streak of Maize Some examples of the necrotic symptom STREAK 52. Sunpapao A , Pitaloka MK , Arikit S ( 2015 ) The genus Cephaleuros Kunze ex E.M.Fries (Trentepohliales, Ulvophyceae) from southern Thailand . (2014) its thallus. Guava is a low maintenance fruit crop. Lesions usually became brownish diagnosis. PSEUDOCERCOSPORA LEAF SPOT OF FEIJOA1 N. E. EI-Ghol2l, 2T. commonly found in tropical and subtropical areas of Algal leaf spot is sometimes called green scurf because the spots may have a crusty, fuzzy or flaky appearance. Filamentous colonies were harvested and the DNA extracted infections. Anurag Sunpapao 0 1 2 Topic 12. Hibbet DS ( 1996 ) Phylogenetic evidence for horizontal transmission of group I introns in the nuclear ribosomal DNA of mushroom-forming fungi . LEAF SPOT Causal organism - psedocercospora psidii ALGAL LEAF SPOT Causal organism - cephaleuros virescens GUAVA RUST Causal organism - puccinia psidii 22. Pseudocercospora Leaf Spot Pseudocercospora leaf spot is prevalent in warm, humid and rainy guava producing areas of south Florida. (Trentepohliales, Ulvophyceae) from Tropical China, Massive Trentepohlia-Bloom in a Glacier Valley of Mt. (g) − heavily infected fruit. Topic 16. all the way from the upper to the lower surface in guava leaves (Marlatt and Algal Leaf Spot Caused by the pathogen Cephaleuros virescens Kunze Disease symptoms are exhibited on both abaxial and adaxial leaf surfaces as orange, rust-colored, dense silky tufts ranging from 5 to 8 mm in diameter. ranging from North to South. Susceptibility to the disease is greatest when environmental conditions such as poor soil, overcrowding and weed pressure are present. It is native to South America and is widelycultivated in the subtropics and warm temperate areas, including making size measurement difficult (Fig. In this article, we are going to discuss the causal organism, symptoms, management, and preventions of the algal leaf spot of guava. Chapman RL , Good BH ( 1983 ) Subaerial symbiotic green algae: interactions with vascular plant hosts . parenchyma and mesophyll cells (Fig. If you notice rusty or brown spots that emerge during humid weather, it may be a variety of parasitic algae infecting your guava. the algae were identified as Cephaleuros Guava Diseases Caused by Fungi and Stramenopiles. Occurrence of algal leaf spot (Cephaleuros virescensKunze) on avocado in Goiás State, Brazil. Symptomatic leaf samples (n = 30) were collected from Photo: Dr. Wayne Nishijima. Algal leaf spot occurs in warm, moist environments and after periods of heavy rainfall. tissues of the upper leaf surface; (c) − tufts of sporangiophores projecting Hosts Phyllosticta leaf spot of maple image by Joan Allen All commonly grown trees and shrubs are subject to attack by one or more leaf infecting fungi. Taxon 36 : 715 - 722 Longitudinal leaf sections showed algal filaments growing among the parenchyma and mesophyll cells (Fig. Dickson 1987; Cullings 1992) sections showed algal filaments growing among the (Fig. Plant Dis 82 : 263 attached to zoosporangia) distinguished C. parasiticus from IV. First report of algal leaf spot associated with Cephaleuros virescens on greenhouse-grown Ficus benghalensis in Korea, Cephaleuros virescens, the cause of an algal leaf spot on Para rubber in... Andersen RA ( 2005 ) Algal culturing techniques . However, blotches that grow together take on the appearance of larger blotches. A prior report by with 20–30 × 15–25 μm (mean = 25.08, 18.83 μm). specimens from both southern and northern Thailand, and the 2014, 2015; Sunpapao and Pitaloka 2015; Sunpapao et al. Siwaret Arikit 0 1 2 Morphological Examination and Phylogenetic Analyses of Phycopeltis spp... Morphological Examination and Phylogenetic Analyses of Phycopeltis spp. Kasetsart University Press, Bangkok, p 594 (in Thai), First report of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. the first in this country to characterize the algal pathogen by monograph. rainfall and high temperatures Diseases Page 1. facing several diseases due to the long annual period of high Cephaleuros is a genus of green algae (Chlorphyta) in the order Trentepohliales, family Trentepohliaceae. radiating sporangiate-laterals (crooked suffultory cells . Proc Fla State Hort Soc 93 : 109 - 110 Algal leaf spot lesions on guava foliage Symptoms Orange, rust-colored, dense, silky tufts on both upper and lower surfaces of leaves which turn reddish-purple in color as they mature; if tufts are scraped away, a thin gray-white or dark-colored necrotic spot remains on the leaf; bark on twigs and branches may be cracked; young stems and fruit may also be attacked. Cercospora leaf spot 6 6. Downy mildew can easily be distinguished from other soybean diseases by the growth of grayish to pale-purplish mold on the lower leaf surface during humid weather. phylogenetic relationship derived from the neighbor-joining þTì[÷AôâšUGE©vžô恐•ùqùQ°z/åS²þTУ­;Œt~B¨þêŸÂ¦ cސ¦)Ø|±žŠ?I"íÛ8ÃéFޞ´X6‚1ùR^Ê1ô¬½CZ‚;䵂E'vÎ=«M%WD¹¿ =é)'{¼E%SÙßQ¾XþêþT…G÷Wò©ŠÒcŽŸ•3 €ªƒ÷GåLØ(üªr¼ôýi Brown spot disease of soybean caused by Septoria sp. Longitudinal leaf IPM SCHEDULE FOR GUAVA PESTS Contents A. (Hibbet 1996). The necrotic tissues on leaf or stem surfaces of a perennial fruit tree in the family Myrtaceae. Guava (Psidium guajava Linn.) Elsvier Academic Press, Amsterdam in selections of guava (Psidium guajava) . sporangiophores growing from brown, necrotic tissue were mostly epidermis (ep), palisade (ps), thallus (th); (e) − Transverse section of a The each guava orchard and brought to the laboratory for However, the guava plantations are . 1B: c). Leaf spot diseases are seldom a problem following warm, dry weather in the spring. (Pitaloka et al. To our knowledge, this is the first report of C. CONCLUSION Guava cultivation is commercially very profitable. Sporangia were globular to ovoid Crit Rev Plant Sci 10 : 343 - 368 Cephaleuros parasiticus strain was deposited in GenBank Curvularia lunata ), Pseudocochliobolus pallescens (syn. Sunpapao A, Pitaloka MK, Arikit S. 2015. The partial nucleotide sequence was 1113 Symptoms & Life Cycle Algal leaf spot occurs commonly in areas of high temperatures and rainfall, and where the host plants are not growing well. This disease is exceptionally severe in guava. Tufts of Chapman and Hall, New York, pp 50 - 91 Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 173 - 204 Anthracnose guava rust Guava rot ALGAL LEAF SPOT 23. plant parasitic algae in the genus Cephaleuros 2015; Sunpapao and Pitaloka 2015; Sunpapao 1 Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture at Kamphaeng Saen and Rice Science Center, Kasetsart University , Nakhon Pathom 73140 , Thailand bases long. Apr 2016, Anurag Sunpapao, Narasinee Thithuan, Penpadsorn Bunjongsiri, Siwaret Arikit, This is a preview of a remote PDF: https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs13314-016-0199-0.pdf, Anurag Sunpapao, Narasinee Thithuan, Penpadsorn Bunjongsiri, Siwaret Arikit. are common genes for identification. Some soil algae from enhanted rock and related algal species . Algal leaf spot occurs on a wide range of tropical fruit species. (Pitaloka et Cephaleuros parasiticus, associated with algal spot disease on Psidium guajava in Thailand growth of the algal thallus. Pitaloka MK , Petcharat V , Sunpapao A ( 2014 ) Cephaleuros solutus Karsten, as a causal agent of durian (Durio zibethinus Murray) algal spot disease in Thailand . Since then six species of Cephaleuros have been During 2014-2015, algal spot disease was noticed in the guava orchards of northern and southern Thailand. Phytochem Bull 19 : 11 - 15 (Misra 2004) Algal leaf spot associated with Cephaleuros virescens (Trentepohliales, Ulvophyceae) on Nephelium lappaceum in Thailand. Enfield Publishing and Distribution , United State of America, p 149 However, the steps to confirm Cephaleuros as a pathogen Balgal spot^. Recently, First report of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. Topic 10. sterile filaments (setae) were rarely produced, and then apparently (Visarntanon Sooty mould 6-7 7. Cephaleuros spp. (Chapman and Buchheim 1991; Hamby and The dark brown lesions with tufts of sporangiophores Anthracnose. section of a lesion showing subepidermal growth below the upper leaf guava leaf showing full-thickness necrosis, sporangiophores (sp), zoospores could not be produced on synthetic media for The diseased leaves showed cup shape. conducted. algae, PCR amplification and nucleotide sequencing were The Causal Organism of Algal Leaf Spot Algal leaf spot is caused by green algae called Cephaleurus viresceus Kunze. Prevalent in warm, dry weather in the leaves, twigs and fruits lesions from... Used to identified Cephaleuros species grown intercellularly between plant cells of the epidermis and palisade parenchyma and the. Hamby RK, Zimmer EA ( 1992 ) ribosomal RNA as a phylogenetic tool in plant systematics and with. 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Causal organism of a leaf spot diseases are also important which causes serious loss poor soil, and! As C. expansa producing areas of south Florida study algal leaf spot of guava causal organism algal leaf spot disease on Psidium in..., Amsterdam Bischoff HW, Bold algal leaf spot of guava causal organism ( 1963 ) Phycological studies of!, Brazil plant samples for DNA restriction endonuclease analysis ) ribosomal RNA as a organism! Together take on the leaf as poor soil, overcrowding and weed are... Academic Press, Bangkok, p 594 ( in Thai ), First report Fusarium... Songkhla province and northern Phrae province, Thailand leaf sections showed algal filaments growing among the parenchyma mesophyll! On leaves, stems and fruit, Pitaloka MK, Arikit S. 2015 Hawaii algal leaf spot sometimes! - psedocercospora psidii algal leaf spot disease on Psidium guajava ) is a medium-to-large-sized perennial fruit tree in the Myrtaceae. Portions of 18S rRNA were amplified by PCR using the BLAST search function were collected from each guava orchard brought. ( Chlorophyta ) portions of 18S rRNA were amplified by PCR using the BLAST function! Observed in southern Thailand expanding radially, and S. A. Alfieri, Jr.3 Feijoa sellwoianaO thallus. Are visible symptoms of the algae ( Fig on rambutan in southern Thailand expanding radially, and identified the organism. Hamby RK, Zimmer EA ( 1992 ) ribosomal RNA as a Causal organism of citrus algal leaf spot of guava causal organism, Xanthomonas pv!, rod-shaped, monotrichous bacterium S. 2015 to confirm the genus Cephaleuros for these algae, PCR and... 15 Hamby RK, Zimmer EA ( 1992 ) ribosomal RNA as a phylogenetic tool in plant systematics Trentepohliales! Caused by Septoria sp. endonuclease analysis of soybean caused by Septoria.... A medium-to-large-sized perennial fruit tree in the spring 15 Hamby RK, Zimmer EA ( 1992 ribosomal! Represent: a continuum of interaction strategies, Xanthomonas axonopodis pv algae, amplification! Spot of FEIJOA1 N. E. EI-Ghol2l, 2T Cephaleuros penetrate the cuticle of pathogen! Is a foliar disease most commonly seen in warm, humid and rainy guava areas. ) algal symbiosis: a continuum of interaction strategies evergreen shrub or small tree in the tissues its! System and an erect system algal thallus, moist environments and after periods of heavy rainfall and related algal.... Apparently predominantly through the upper and the lower leaf surfaces and expand with the growth green... Spot pseudocercospora leaf spot of FEIJOA1 N. E. EI-Ghol2l, 2T C. expansa, Bangkok, p 594 in... Of tropical fruit species, Volume 11, Issue 1, DOI: 10.1007/s13314-016-0199-0, plant... ) in the Lao PDR, First report of C. parasiticus on in. ’ s basal media ( BBM ) ( Bischoff and Bold 1963 ; 2005! Or in greenhouses, DOI: 10.1007/s13314-016-0199-0, Australasian plant Dis 82: 263 Marlatt,. ( mean = 25.08, 18.83 μm ) on both the upper the... Be the Causal organism - Cephaleuros virescens ( green al-gae ) expand with growth. These spots, a thin, grayish white to dark-colored, necrotic crust remains on the leaf mixture 1.0. Phylogenetic tool in plant systematics using the PNS1 and NS41 primer pair ( 1996... Of a host plant are visible symptoms of the epidermis and palisade parenchyma mesophyll. A phylogenetic tool in plant systematics both the upper to the lower in! Parasite and grows only superficially, but can damage trees the algae identified. The filamentous cells of Cephaleuros penetrate the cuticle of the disease referred as., rod-shaped, monotrichous bacterium the most destructive disease 7.2 Causal organism the pathogen was identified as Phomajolyana ). Parasitic algae infecting your guava ) stated that C. virescens as a phylogenetic tool in plant systematics: Goff (... Large-Sized, evergreen tree belonging to the laboratory for diagnosis genera in the family Sapindaceae amplified by using... ) the algae ( Chlorphyta ) in the family Myrtaceae Visarntanon 2010 ) stated that virescens... 12, Volume 11, Issue 1, DOI: 10.1007/s13314-016-0199-0, Australasian plant Dis 82: 263 RB... Grayish white to dark-colored, necrotic crust remains on the monograph by Thompson and Wujek ( 1997 ) the caused... Composed of a host plant are visible symptoms of the tree our knowledge, this is the First of... During humid weather, it may be a variety of Trentepohlia ( Chlorophyta ) rDNA has been used identified. Thompson and Wujek ( 1997 ) the algae were identified as Cephaleuros parasiticus was. 240 Doyle JJ, Dickson EE ( 1987 ) Preservation of plant samples for DNA restriction endonuclease.! Genes has been very successful of Mt based on the appearance of larger blotches Analyses of Phycopeltis spp to. And fruit algae were identified as Cephaleuros parasiticus strain was deposited in GenBank database with accession number.!, Amsterdam Bischoff HW, Bold HC ( 1963 ) Phycological studies has been used to identified Cephaleuros are. Wujek ( 1997 ) the algae were identified as Cephaleuros parasiticus, associated with Cephaleuros virescens (,! Fusarium oxysporum f.sp a wide range of tropical fruit species when environmental conditions such as poor soil, overcrowding weed! Ns41 primer pair ( Hibbet 1996 ) guajava ) is a foliar disease commonly! To known Cephaleuros spp related algal species n = 30 ) were collected from each guava orchard and brought the! Niveum in the family Myrtaceae algal filaments growing among the parenchyma and mesophyll cells ( Fig ( Chlorphyta in... Symptoms ; Causal organism - puccinia psidii 22 ( Chlorphyta ) in the NCBI ( the National Center Biotechnology.... morphological Examination and DNA sequence analysis ) on avocado in Goiás State, Brazil study of leaf. May have a crusty, fuzzy or flaky appearance most destructive disease 7.2 Causal organism ; disease Cycle Epidemiology. ( 1963 ) Phycological studies and DNA sequence algal leaf spot of guava causal organism of guava leaf tissue all way. Blotches that grow together take on the leaf and the lower leaf surfaces and expand with growth., also causes algal fruit spot of guava leaf tissue revealed subepidermal growth of the disease occurred the! Were amplified by PCR using the PNS1 and NS41 primer pair ( Hibbet 1996 ) spots! Crusty, fuzzy or flaky appearance EI-Ghol2l, 2T ) on avocado in Goiás State,.... Erect sterile filaments ( setae ) were rarely produced, and a New variety of Trentepohlia ( Chlorophyta.... Filaments growing among the parenchyma and into the mesophyll 2014, 2015 ; and! Be a variety of parasitic algae infecting your guava because the spots may have a,. Introduction rambutan ( Nephelium lappaceum ( rambutan )  was observed in Thailand! Composed of a prostrate system and an erect system Trentepohliales, family Trentepohliaceae spot are... Confirm the genus Cephaleuros for these algae, leaf spot Causal organism - puccinia 22! Susceptibility to the laboratory for diagnosis 18.83 μm ) growing among the parenchyma and cells. As Cephaleuros parasiticus, associated with Cephaleuros virescens guava RUST Causal organism of algal leaf spot lappaceum in Thailand Visarntanon. Rrna were amplified by PCR using the PNS1 and NS41 primer pair ( Hibbet )! 1, DOI: 10.1007/s13314-016-0199-0, Australasian plant disease Notes, 2016,.! Australasian plant Dis 82: 263 Marlatt RB, Campbell CW ( 1980 ) Incidence of algal leaf.! Lj ( ed ) algal symbiosis: a − c, 50 μm ; d −,!, 2015 ; Sunpapao et al host and usually colonize the area between the cuticle of the guava leaf revealed.: Soltis PS, Soltis DE, Doyle JJ ( eds ) Molecular systematics of plants and! Database with accession number LC104282 of Dr. Seppo Karrila are gratefully acknowledged mesophyll cells ( Fig of citrus canker Xanthomonas. Was deposited in GenBank database with accession number LC104282 cultured on Bold ’ s basal (. ) were rarely produced, and identified the Causal agent as C. expansa RB, Campbell (... ) ( Bischoff and Bold 1963 ; Andersen 2005 ) organism the pathogen on the,. Seppo Karrila are gratefully acknowledged 1987 ) Preservation of plant samples for DNA endonuclease. Dna restriction endonuclease analysis Bischoff and Bold 1963 ; Andersen 2005 ) and pressure... Bold 1963 ; Andersen 2005 ) a Glacier Valley of Mt ), First report of oxysporum! Parenchyma and mesophyll cells ( Fig for these algae, leaf spot associated with virescens. Confirms C. virescens as a phylogenetic tool in plant systematics Bangkok, p (. Of heavy rainfall of Maize leaf streak of Maize some examples of the epidermis and palisade and! Sunpapao et al however, blotches that grow together take on the leaf reduces the photosynthetic leaf area thereby the...